The fact that Windows crashes with enviable constancy even for those users who periodically perform its comprehensive maintenance is out of the question. And the reasons for this, unfortunately, can be so great that it is even impossible to immediately determine why this happened. That is why it is very problematic to offer any one universal solution for troubleshooting. Here you have to act, as they say, "the method of scientific poke." Nevertheless, a few simple generalized tips that will suit all users without exception can be given.
Why Windows crashes: the most likely reasons
It goes without saying that you first need to find out the reason for this behavior of the system, and only then make some specific decision to eliminate it. All failures typical for Windows can be conditionally divided into hardware and software. The former are related to the "iron" hardware, which may not work, function incorrectly, or simply not be supported by Windows systems. But the list of software failures and errors can be expanded indefinitely.
As forof the main problems, of course, it is impossible to list them all, but the following can be called the most common:
- installing Windows using unofficial distributions and pirated assemblies;
- problems with hard drive, RAM and other devices;
- incorrect installation, outdated or missing hardware drivers;
- viral infection;
- registry damage;
- critical system services disabled by user;
- non-working or incorrectly installed system updates;
- Incorrect settings or outdated BIOS firmware, etc.
Vidna flew off: what to do first?
The list of possible problems with the system above is far from complete. However, most often failures are associated with them. What to offer as a solution if Winda crashes? It's hard to say for sure. However, it is worth paying attention to one main feature. If the system crashes once, most likely, it can be restored using standard tools, without even resorting to booting from removable media with recorded distributions. If this situation is constantly observed, first pay attention to the hard drive and RAM, since permanent errors can be associated with these components.
It is quite possible that the hard drive has begun to crumble, or the RAM sticks are out of order. If possible, test the drive on another computer usingrelevant programs. Sometimes, as it is believed, it is possible to restore a hard drive using the HDD Regenerator utility, which performs a remagnetization of the surface using a program method. To check the memory, you can use the Memtest86 + program or simply remove the strips from the motherboard slots one by one until a non-working one is found. It may also be necessary to perform a check for video cards, since they are the first to be used when the operating system starts.
Restoring the system to a he althy state
As for the software methods used in situations where Windows crashes for no apparent reason, the first thing you can do is load the last known good configuration from the start menu, called by pressing the F8 key at the beginning of the boot.
In the tenth version of the system, access is more problematic, but you can return the use of the F8 key through the command line (bcdedit /set {current} bootmenupolicy legacy).
If this operation is not possible, try to boot the system in safe mode, then go to the recovery partition and select the desired time point in preparation.
In the same safe mode, for example, if Windows 7 or other versions are used, you can set the following actions from the command line:
- scanning system files with subsequent recovery (sfc /scannow);
- check hard drive for errors (chkdsk/x/f/r),
- testing boot sectors (bootrec.exe /fix mbr and bootrec.exe /fixboot);
- complete bootloader rewrite (bootrec.exe /rebuildbsd);
- restore image (DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehe alth).
Note: the command console can also be used when starting from removable media, but to check the disk, you will need to set its system letter. But you can practically not count on the standard system tools called through the graphical interface.
However, if the official "Windows" crashes due to software failures, and constantly, for the "tens" you can apply a complete reset, returning the computer to its original state, saving user files before that.
It's more like a clean install though, as previously installed programs won't be saved.
As for unfinished updates, Windows 7 takes the lead here (this is recognized by everyone).
It is advisable to remove non-working updates using at least safe mode, the command line or the PowerShell console, then manually search for available packages and remove the failed ones from the list of mandatory installations.
Also, if problems with drivers are identified, which is most often indicated by the blue screen of death, such software needs to be updated (if the system boots, you can determine the failed component using the BlueScreenView utility, and update the drivers in the Driver applicationBooster, which will require an active internet connection).
Now let's look at one more option if "Windows" has crashed. What to do in such a situation? It goes without saying that the impact of viruses should not be ruled out, which, at the slightest suspicion of their presence on the computer, will need to be found and neutralized. Portable scanners that do not require installation on a hard drive are best suited for this.
BIOS issues
How to restore a crashed Windu with some of the most effective methods is a little clear. As for the BIOS primary I/O system, the first thing to check is the CMOS battery on the motherboard. It may need to be replaced.
Sometimes a full factory reset (Load Setup Defaults) or even installing an updated firmware helps. True, it is not recommended for an ordinary user to do this on their own. But if your computer has a new UEFI system installed, you can install a fully compliant updated firmware directly in Windows.
Dramatic decision
Finally, if none of the above solutions or tips found by the user on recovery on the same Internet helped, it's best not to experiment, but to reinstall the operating system using the official distribution kit downloaded from the Microsoft website or from the technical service resource support. If you need activation, you can use utilities like KMSAuto Net, although this is considered illegalaction.
